Global Summit on Neonatology & Clinical Pediatrics December 09-10, 2020 Sydney, Australia

Neonatology is a branch of medicine concerned with the care, development, and diseases of new-born infants. Sometimes babies are born before their bodies are ready to leave the womb. Important organs such as the heart, lungs, stomach, and skin may not be mature enough to function without special help. Although pediatrician can take care of most medical issues of babies, a Neonatologist is trained particularly to deal with the most complicated and high-risk conditions.

<span 13.5pt;="" line-height:="" 107%;="" font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman",="" serif;\"="">Pediatrics is the branch of medicine dealing with the wellbeing and health care of infants, children and adolescents from birth up to the age of 18. The purposes of the study of pediatrics is to moderate new-born and infant rate of deaths, regulate the spread of infectious disease, promote healthy lifestyles for a prolonged disease-free life and aid to ease the complications of children and adolescents with chronic conditions. Pediatricians diagnose and treat numerous conditions among children and also involved with the prevention, early detection, and management of problems that occur in children

 About one in every 100 children has a heart problem. Many different types of heart problems can affect children. They include congenital heart defects, viral infections that affect the heart, and even heart disease acquired later in childhood due to illnesses or genetic syndromes. The treatment for child’s heart defect will depend on the cause of the problem. Most heart defects resolve by themselves over time, and some can be fixed with medicine.

Renal disease is one of the major reasons for mortality. Pediatric patients with renal infection, particularly younger ones may give nonspecific signs and symptoms random to the urinary tract. Pediatric Nephrology specializes in the diagnosis and management of kids with a variety of acute and chronic kidney related diseases.

Pediatric surgery is a subspecialty of surgery including the surgery of fetuses, infants, children, adolescents, and young adults. Some pediatric diseases require surgery such as congenital malformations, abdominal wall defects, chest wall deformities, childhood tumors, Separation of conjoined twins etc.,

 Inappropriate function of any part of brain will be considered as neurological disorder which leads to developmental problems in children. The symptoms of the neurological disorders may be physical as well as psychological. Such disorders can be evaluated through different diagnostic techniques.

Cancer in children can occur anywhere in the body, including the blood and lymph node system, brain and spinal cord, kidneys, and other organs and tissues. Cancer can be malignant or benign. A malignant cancer tumor will grow in one place and can spreads to other parts of the body. A benign tumor can grow but will not spread to any other parts.

The endocrine system in children helps to maintain all metabolic functions of their body and releases hormones which play an important role for their proper growth and development. Pediatric endocrinologists treat children with different hormonal problems such as growth, puberty, diabetes, thyroid, obesity and sexual development. These endocrine disorders and hormonal problems can have significant effects on a child’s physical and emotional well-being.

 During the first six months after delivery, the baby is fed only on breast milk, and the baby depends on the mother for all nutrient requirements. Breast milks consist of all the essential nutrients that are not found in any other supplements. Breast feeding is best for the healthy growth and development of growing infants and is has a number of health benefits to both mother and baby.

<span 13.5pt;="" line-height:="" 107%;="" font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman",="" serif;\"="">Pediatric essential medicinal services incorporates wellbeing administration and preventive direction; observing physical growth and development; age-appropriate screening; diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic sicknesses; Management of genuine and life threatening diseases in pediatrics. A primary care doctor is normally the first medical physician reached by a patient on account of reasons, for example, eases of communication, available area, and progressively issues of cost and care requirements

Public health Pediatrics deals with poverty and child health, early brain and child development, obesity, mental health and local public health initiatives. Ensuring ideal health for children requires a population-based approach and association between pediatrics and public health. The incorporation of clinical practice with public health actions is essential for multiple levels of disease prevention that involve the child, family, and community

Pediatric nurses work with patients from infancy to young adulthood, giving developmental screenings, immunizations, and treating common illnesses like chicken pox and tonsillitis. Pediatric nurses will teach the parents how to prevent childhood diseases, proper nutrition and diet for the growth and development of their child.

<p justify;\"="" style="text-align: justify;"> Nutrition in first 1000 days life is essential for the immune system development and wellbeing of the child. Pediatric obesity is a predominant nutritional disorder in children and adolescents worldwide mainly in developed countries. Childhood obesity leads to many other health problems in children such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, liver and kidney diseases. There are different factors responsible for the cause of obesity in children such as eating habits, genetics, Hormonal causes, environment, metabolism, and lifestyle.

Bacterial, viral, parasitic or fungal infections are all types of infectious diseases that can make children sick. These illnesses need to be treated by specialists who are committed to preventing and treating acute and chronic infectious diseases including HIV and AIDS. Pediatric infectious disease specialists are expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in children.

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 Allergy and asthma is the most common among the health effects that occur in children. Some of the common allergies observed in children are food allergies, hay fever, sneezing, cough, itching, nausea, stomach ache, fatigue, and headache. Allergies can be controlled by medical treatment and through early immunizations. Initial injection of vaccines and continuation up to 3-5 years will help to increase immunity against different allergies in Pediatrics.

Neonatology is a branch of medicine concerned with the care, development, and diseases of new-born infants. Sometimes babies are born before their bodies are ready to leave the womb. Important organs such as the heart, lungs, stomach, and skin may not be mature enough to function without special help. Although pediatrician can take care of most medical issues of babies, a Neonatologist is trained particularly to deal with the most complicated and high-risk conditions.

Perinatology is a narrow field of obstetrics that mainly focuses on the difficulties faced by the mother and fetus at higher-than-normal danger. Since the perinatal period, begins at the 20th to 28th week of gestation and ends 1 to 4 weeks after birth as per the definition, perinatology sensibly could be a subspecialty under obstetrical and pediatric care. perinatology includes managing the embryo and the complicated health conditions during gestation period.

Pediatrics is the branch of medicine dealing with the wellbeing and health care of infants, children and adolescents from birth up to the age of 18. The purposes of the study of pediatrics is to moderate new-born and infant rate of deaths, regulate the spread of infectious disease, promote healthy lifestyles for a prolonged disease-free life and aid to ease the complications of children and adolescents with chronic conditions. Pediatricians diagnose and treat numerous conditions among children and also involved with the prevention, early detection, and management of problems that occur in children.

Pediatric Cardiology represents heart diseases in children. It is comprised of congenital and acquired heart diseases. Neonatal Cardiology is handled by pediatricians as well as neonatologists requiring practical supervision on the valuation and administration of infants with coronary illness and other cardiovascular practical dissimilarities from the average. Neonatal Cardiology unlocks with discussions of vital parts of Embryology of the heart and a review of ordinary and unusual muscle function. Concentrating on physiology, and introduction of inborn coronary illness, this asset gives a compact, yet entire review of neonatal cardiology. The diagnosis involves effective medical and surgical therapies. Cardiac malformations are one of the major new born birth defects which affect the infant mortality rate. This subtopic is a combined study of surgery such as thoracic surgery and/or vascular surgery and called cardiovascular/ cardiothoracic/cardiovascular thoracic surgery.

Neonatal urology is a surgical subspecialty of drug dealing with the disorders of infant’s Genitourinary Systems. Neonatal urologists give care to both young boys and young girls going from birth to early grown-up age. The most widely known issues are those including issue of urination, reproductive organs and testicles. It is common for children to have disorders of urinary tract such as kidney, ureters, urethra and bladder. These problems can be small or serious. In case of serious condition, then one should need a specialist in nephrology and urology. Few conditions of nephrology and urology to be diagnosed are abnormalities in urine, bedwetting, acid base disorders, hypertension, acute and chronic kidney failure, high blood pressure, cancer of urinary and genital systems, bladder exstrophy, renal insufficiency, kidney stones, urinary tract infections, torsion of the testicles, inherited kidney diseases and neurogenic bowel. It can also provide pediatric patients with end stage kidney diseases and follow up care after kidney transplantation. Renal disease is one of the major reasons for mortality. Pediatric patients with renal infection, particularly younger ones may give nonspecific signs and symptoms random to the urinary tract. Pediatric Nephrology specializes in the diagnosis and management of kids with a variety of acute and chronic kidney related diseases.

Neonatal specialists are medicinal specialists who work on newborns. The education and training to end up normally a neonatal specialist can take up to 19 years. The forthcoming neonatal specialists must finish a general surgery residency, followed by a 2-year pediatric training program. Neonatal specialists work in private practice and at college and private healing centers. Pediatric surgeries usually include abnormalities of groin such as hernia, hydrocele, undescended testes, surgical care of tumors, endoscopic procedures, transplantation procedures, serious injuries which require surgeries etc. pediatric oncology, pediatric urology, neonatal surgery are the three subspecialties of pediatric surgery.

Pediatric Neurology is a specialized branch in medicine which deals with the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases in newborns (Neonates), infants, children and adolescents. The topic Pediatric Neurology includes all diseases and disorders related to spinal cord, autonomic nervous system, peripheral system, brain, muscles and blood vessels which affect individuals of small age groups. Types of conditions to encounter in pediatric neurology are genetic diseases related to nervous system, childhood epilepsy, febrile seizures, cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, hyper activity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, migraine, head injuries, sleep disorders, intellectual disability etc. following studies are required to diagnose the neurological conditions: electro cortical mapping, EEG, EMG, multiple sleep latency testing, nerve conduction study etc.

Neonatal Cancer is rare and contains a heterogeneous gathering of Neoplasms with substantial histological differences. All kinds of pediatric cancer can happen in babies and neonates, the outline and conduct of Neonatal Tumors frequently varies from that in more established youngsters, prompting differences in determination and supervision. The reasons for neonatal disease are uncertain, yet hereditary factors most likely have a key part.

Pediatric Endocrinology is concerned about the disorders related to the dysfunction of hormones and glands which results in problems of growth, puberty and diabetes. Endocrine glands, such as pituitary gland releases hormones into the bloodstream which decides how a child grows and mature. Pediatric endocrinology deals with hormone disorders at all stages of childhood. Hormones show significant effects on child’s physical activity, emotional well-being and sexual development. Other few conditions are diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia, growth concerns, amenorrhea, gender dysphoria, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, thyroid disorders, turner syndrome etc. type 1 diabetes in children is also known as juvenile diabetes in which the child’s  body stops producing insulin hormone.

Breastfeeding should be initiated within the first hour after birth and that infants should exclusively breastfeed for the first 6 months; complementary foods should then be introduced, with continued breastfeeding until 24 months of age or older

Feeding of infants and youthful kids with milk from a lady's breast is nursing or otherwise called Breast Feeding. Health experts recommend that breastfeeding start inside the major hour of an infant's life and proceed as repeatedly and as much as the child needs. During the initial couple of weeks of life children may nurture generally every a few hours.

Breastfeeding is one among the foundations of Pediatric health, development and survival. It is especially important where diarrhea, pneumonia and under nutrition are common causes of mortality in children under 5 years of age. Breastfeeding also helps to reduce overweight and obesity and protects maternal health in all parts of the world.

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Pediatric essential medicinal services incorporates wellbeing administration and preventive direction; observing physical growth and development; age-appropriate screening; diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic sicknesses; Management of genuine and life threatening diseases in pediatrics. A primary care doctor is normally the first medical physician reached by a patient on account of reasons, for example, eases of communication, available area, and progressively issues of cost and care requirements.

Pediatric nursing is the clinical health care of neonates and children up to the stage of adolescence. The role of pediatric nurse is to conduct procedures and providing medicines according to the prescribed nursing care plans and assessing them continuously. Neonatal nursing is a branch of health care which mainly focuses on nursing newly born babies who were born prematurely, with defects, infections, deformities etc. Pediatric emergency nursing is a branch of pediatric nursing which has fast mobility and quick response in emergency situations such as stabilizing patients with focused care, quickly diagnosing conditions and coming up with on-spot solutions, providing right medicines at the right time.Neonatal nursing is a subspecialty of nursing that works for newborn infants up to 28 days after birth. Babies are born with a variety of problems ranging from prematurity, birth defects, infection, cardiac malformations, and surgical problems. Neonatal nursing generally includes care for those infants who experience both long-term problems related to their prematurity or illness before or after birth and neonatal nurses treat sick newborns until they are discharged from the hospital, even if that takes several months.The role of pediatric nurse is to conduct procedures and providing medicines according to the prescribed nursing care plans and assessing them continuously. Neonatal nursing is a branch of health care which mainly focuses on nursing newly born babies who were born prematurely, with defects, infections, deformities etc. Pediatric emergency nursing is a branch of pediatric nursing which has fast mobility and quick response in emergency situations such as stabilizing patients with focused care, quickly diagnosing conditions and coming up with on-spot solutions, providing right medicines at the right time.

Nutrition in first 1000 days life is essential for the immune system development and wellbeing of the child. Pediatric obesity is a predominant nutritional disorder in children and adolescents worldwide mainly in developed countries. Childhood obesity leads to many other health problems in children such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, liver and kidney diseases. There are different factors responsible for the cause of obesity in childrensuch as eating habits, genetics, Hormonal causes, environment, metabolism, and lifestyle. Ideal nutrition in babies is the foundation of wellbeing in later life. Based on the displayed medical advantages of human drain, breastfeeding must be the essential methods for diet for generally newborn children. Although many mothers come across a few issues with breastfeeding, health experts can utilize basic systems to overcome a large portion of these issues. Gastroesophageal Reflux is a distinctive nourishing related instance and happens in many newborn children, it is a part of usual physiology and requires no mediation.

This specialization concerns about the children with infectious, immunological and allergic disorders and deals with acute and chronic presentations of diseases. These infections are interlinked to the immune system. If the child is suffering from allergies, his/her immune system reacts incorrectly to things which are even harmless. Few examples of such infections are thrush, sinusitis, pneumonia and abscesses which keep coming back. General treatment is provided for the following conditions such as asthma, hay fever, atopic dermatitis, chronic cough, vocal cord dysfunction, recurrent infection, eczema, hives, severe reactions to insects, foods and medications etc.

Allergy and asthma is the most common among the health effects that occur in children. Some of the common allergies observed in children are food allergies, hay fever, sneezing, cough, itching, nausea, stomach ache, fatigue, and headache. Allergies can be controlled by medical treatment and through early immunizations. Initial injection of vaccines and continuation up to 3-5 years will help to increase immunity against different allergies in Pediatrics.

pharmacodynamics properties of a product pertaining to dose selection and individualization. This guidance and approach help in obtaining the considerations for conducting studies so that the accurate dosing and information for drugs and biologic products in 

Pediatric Dentistry is all about the oral health of children from infancy to early adulthood. The term oral health includes teeth, gums, mouth throughout several stages of childhood. If early dental problems are not cured, they may cause lifetime pain and complications. Services provided by pediatric dentist include fluoride treatment, athletic mouth guards, space maintainers and fillings. Infected baby teeth can damage child’s adult teeth developing below them. Decay free primary teeth are very important to create a healthy environment for child’s permanent teeth which reduces the chance of tooth decay.

Pediatric dermatology is mainly concerned about skin disorders or conditions such as eczema, warts, hemangiomas, cutaneous melanoma, cutaneous leishmaniosis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, vitiligo, hives, genetic skin disorders, ringworm and skin cancer. It also includes few minor surgical procedures such as skin biopsies, surgical removal of skin lesions and laser treatment of vascular birthmarks. Many childhood disorders such as infantile hemangioma blood vessel growths are not seen in adults and common conditions such as psoriasis have unique symptoms in children unlike adults.